Canadian Practical Nurse Registration Examination (CPNRE) 2026 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

Hyperkalemia, which refers to an elevated level of potassium in the blood, is primarily associated with renal failure. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating potassium levels by filtering excess potassium from the blood and excreting it in urine. When kidney function is impaired, as seen in renal failure, the ability to excrete potassium diminishes, leading to an accumulation of potassium in the bloodstream. This can result in various complications, including cardiac issues.

Inadequate hydration may affect potassium levels, but it does not directly cause hyperkalemia in the same manner as renal failure. Excessive sweating typically results in a loss of potassium and would not contribute to hyperkalemia. High sodium intake could lead to other issues such as hypertension and fluid retention, but it does not directly cause an increase in potassium levels. Therefore, renal failure is the most significant factor contributing to hyperkalemia, as it directly disrupts the body’s ability to manage potassium levels effectively.